| Plant Habit: | Shrub Tree |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 9b -3.9 °C (25 °F) to -1.1 °C (30 °F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 11 |
| Plant Height: | 12 - 20 feet |
| Flowers: | Showy Fragrant |
| Flower Color: | Yellow |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Underground structures: | Taproot |
| Uses: | Windbreak or Hedge Flowering Tree |
| Dynamic Accumulator: | Nitrogen fixer |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Bees Birds Butterflies |
| Resistances: | Drought tolerant |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Scarify seeds: Prior to sowing, soak seeds in warm water for 24 hours. Needs specific temperature: 65º - 70ºF Days to germinate: 30 to 50 days. Other info: Plants form a deep taproot and do not like root disturbance, so it's best to plant seedlings in their permanent location as soon as possible. |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem Other: Semi-ripe cuttings of lateral shoots. |
| Miscellaneous: | With thorns/spines/prickles/teeth |
| Awards and Recognitions: | RHS AGM |
