General Plant Information (Edit)
Plant Habit: Herb/Forb
Life cycle: Perennial
Sun Requirements: Partial Shade to Full Shade
Water Preferences: Mesic
Minimum cold hardiness: Zone 2 -45.6 °C (-50 °F) to -42.8 °C (-45°F)
Maximum recommended zone: Zone 8b
Plant Height: 4-6 feet
Plant Spread: 2-4 feet
Leaves: Other: Astilbe-like, deeply cut, tripinnate foliage is an attractive deep green. Foliage generally does not need staking, but taller flower spires may need some support. Host Plant for the Spring Azure Butterfly Caterpillar.
Flowers: Showy
Fragrant
Flower Color: White
Other: Creamy white
Flower Time: Summer
Uses: Cut Flower
Will Naturalize
Wildlife Attractant: Bees
Butterflies
Resistances: Deer Resistant
Toxicity: Fruit is poisonous
Propagation: Seeds: Other info: Sow seeds in fall
Propagation: Other methods: Division
Other: Divide plants in spring
Awards and Recognitions: RHS AGM

Image
Common names
  • Black Cohosh
  • Black Snakeroot
  • Fairy Candles
  • Bugbane
Botanical names
  • Accepted: Actaea racemosa
  • Synonym: Cimicifuga racemosa
  • Synonym: Actaea racemosa var. racemosa

Photo Gallery
Location: Almere Jungle
Date: 2022-09-13
Location: Brownstown PA 17508
Date: 2020-07-11
♀ bumblebee w/ stuffed corbiculae
Location: My garden in Belgium
Date: 2011-08-05
Location: Montreal Botanical Garden
Date: 2019-08-07

photo courtesy of Sunlight Gardens, http://www.sunlightgardens.co
Location: My garden, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; zone 3.
Date: 2011-07-27
Location: Heathcote Ontario Canada
Date: 2021-10-09
Location: West Chester, Pennsylvania
Date: 2014-07-28
close-up of flowers with bees

Photo Courtesy of Lazy S'S Farm Nursery.
  • Uploaded by Joy
Location: Allentown, Pennsylvania
Date: 2015-07-11

Date: 2011-10-26
Photo Ron Thomas / http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/
Location: my front yard
Date: 2019-07-03
Location: Keystone State Park, PA
Date: 4000-05-24
Location: My garden in Belgium
Date: 2011-07-24

Date: 2011-10-26
Photo Ron Thomas / http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/

Date: 2011-10-26
Photo Ron Thomas / http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/

Courtesy Crownsville Nursery
  • Uploaded by vic
Location: Allentown, Pennsylvania
Date: 2015-06-30

photo credit: H. Zell
Location: Allentown, Pennsylvania
Date: 2015-04-25
Location: Part Shade 
Date: 2013-07-10
Location: SunZone 6a
Date: 2013-07-10
Location: Lucketts, Loudoun County, Virginia
Date: 2013-06-02
Location: Lucketts, Loudoun County, Virginia
Date: 2013-06-24
Location: Hamilton, Ohio
Date: 2015-06-22
Location: French Creek State Park in southeast Pennsylvania
Date: 2010-07-01
wild plants in bloom
Location: French Creek State Park in southeast Pennsylvania
Date: 2010-07-01
close-up of white spikes
Location: French Creek State Park in southeast Pennsylvania
Date: 2010-07-01
one wild plant in bloom
Location: West Chester, Pennsylvania
Date: 2014-07-28
one plant in landscape at fence

Date: 2011-10-26
Photo Ron Thomas / http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/

Date: 2011-10-26
Photo Ron Thomas / http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/

Date: July
credit: John Cameron

Photo Courtesy of Prairie Nursery.
  • Uploaded by Joy

photo credit: H. Zell

photo credit: H. Zell
This plant is tagged in:
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Comments:
  • Posted by ILPARW (southeast Pennsylvania - Zone 6b) on Feb 16, 2018 8:46 PM concerning plant:
    Black Bugbane is a wonderful, lovely, tall perennial for rich, moist soils in part shade, though it can tolerate full sun with moist soil. It is best to keep it out of strong winds, but to have some shelter. It grows in woods from Wisconsin through southern Ontario down to Missouri and northern Georgia. I've seen some patches of it in the wild in some woods in southeast Pennsylvania. It is one of those perennials that never need resetting and dividing, though one can divide it in spring or fall if wanted. The flowers smell so good and experience a number of bees and pollinators. Some are sold by a good number of conventional nurseries and by many native plant nurseries; however, it is only occasionally found in gardens and landscapes and is unknown by many, too bad! It should be used much more.
  • Posted by mellielong (Lutz, Florida - Zone 9b) on Apr 17, 2015 8:34 PM concerning plant:
    The book, "How to Know the Wildflowers" (1922) by Mrs William Starr Dana uses the Latin name Cimicifuga racemosa which is now a synonym. She states that the Latin genus name comes from the words "cimex" meaning a bug, and "fugare" meaning to drive away. That explains its common name of Bugbane. She also uses the common names Black Cohosh and Black Snakeroot. She states that the flowers are supposed to have such an unpleasant odor that even the insects avoid them. She also says that the Indians believed the plant to be effective against snake bites.
  • Posted by Permastake (Toronto Ontario Canada - Zone 4b) on Oct 9, 2021 1:01 PM concerning plant:
    Planted Cimicifuga racemosa and Cimicifuga racemosa 'Atropurpurea' in a sunny spot and they did really well. Surprised me when I discovered they were shade loving.

  • Posted by cottelpg (Hamilton, Ohio - Zone 6a) on Jul 8, 2016 3:50 PM concerning plant:
    This is a beautiful plant for the back of a shade perennial border. One common name is fairy candles and it lives up to this name as the white spikes look like a candelabra shining in woodland shade. The display begins to be attractive when the plant is in bud and continues as the flowers open from the bottom of the spike moving up. The astilbe-like foliage is attractive after bloom. The plant is highly deer resistant. It likes an organic acid soil. I have experienced no disease or insect problems. I like the native species much better than the hybrids,
  • Posted by SongofJoy (Clarksville, TN - Zone 6b) on Jan 14, 2012 9:46 AM concerning plant:
    This plant is found growing in cool places with good rich soil. Black cohosh (known as both Actaea racemosa and Cimicifuga racemosa), a member of the buttercup family, is a perennial plant that is native to North America. Other common names include black snakeroot, bugbane, bugwort, rattleroot, rattletop, rattleweed, and macrotys. Insects avoid it, which accounts for some of these common names.
  • Posted by Sharon (Calvert City, KY - Zone 7a) on Jan 14, 2012 12:32 PM concerning plant:
    We called it snakeroot where I grew up in the mountains of SE Kentucky. It was considered by older folks to be a medicinal plant.

    It's a plant of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae), native to eastern North America from south of Ontario to central Georgia, and west to Missouri and Arkansas. Black cohosh grows in a variety of woodland habitats. The roots and rhizomes of black cohosh have long been used medicinally by Native Americans. Extracts from these plant materials are thought to possess analgesic, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Today, black cohosh preparations (tinctures or tablets of dried materials, and often the dried roots themselves,) are used mainly to treat symptoms associated with menopause, though early on it was used for a variety of other ailments.
Plant Events from our members
Chillybean On October 17, 2015 Obtained plant
Put into ground
SallieKr On May 6, 2016 Obtained plant
Klehm plant sale 5/6/2016 - bought 1.
GenXNEGeorgia On May 12, 2019 Transplanted
Added bone meal;
antsinmypants On March 2, 2023 Seeds sown
WS all.
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