Plant Habit: | Herb/Forb |
Life cycle: | Biennial |
Sun Requirements: | Full Sun |
Water Preferences: | Mesic Dry Mesic Dry |
Soil pH Preferences: | Moderately acid (5.6 – 6.0) Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) Moderately alkaline (7.9 – 8.4) |
Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 2 -45.6 °C (-50 °F) to -42.8 °C (-45°F) |
Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 9a |
Plant Height: | 5-8 feet |
Plant Spread: | 12-24 inches |
Leaves: | Deciduous |
Flowers: | Showy |
Flower Color: | Other: Dark purplish-black. Also described as "chocolate colored" |
Bloom Size: | 3"-4" 4"-5" |
Flower Time: | Summer |
Underground structures: | Taproot |
Uses: | Dye production Culinary Herb Medicinal Herb Cut Flower Will Naturalize |
Edible Parts: | Stem Leaves Roots Flowers |
Eating Methods: | Tea Culinary Herb/Spice Raw Cooked |
Wildlife Attractant: | Butterflies Hummingbirds |
Resistances: | Rabbit Resistant |
Propagation: Seeds: | Provide light Needs specific temperature: For best results, sow early summer. May also be started late summer or early fall for bloom the next season. Depth to plant seed: Press lightly into soil surface. Do not cover. Sow in situ |
Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Root Division |
Pollinators: | Self |