Can anyone tell me what is wrong with this Phal orchid root?

It appears as if it has been broken or snapped off. Your image is a bit fuzzy but are those large chunks underneath the root, pieces of bark or another type of media? If they are, they are much too large to be used as a Phalaenopsis media.
Are they pine bark pieces? If they are, that will kill orchid roots causing them to stop growing and be short and appear broken. Why? Pine bark nuggets contain pine sap or resin which is toxic to the roots.
When watered the almost white or light gray roots turn gray/green. That means that the root is alive.
Please read about growing Phalaenopsis in our many threads within our orchid forums. "Growing supermarket orchids:Phalaenopsis" is a particularly good one. All of them contain a great deal of useful information on growing orchids.
In your plants case, the other draw back to using such large media chunks is that the plant has trouble stabilizing. It rocks back and forth, often damaging the roots and even causing them to die back at the tips due to blunt force trauma!
You should be using medium grade media, 1/4-3/8" particle size. Those chunks are way too big. These large chunks often lead to watering/moisture retention problems. If you have read about "bark" being a suitable media, they mean Douglas fir bark or simply fir bark. They do not mean pine bark.
Make sure the orchid grows in a bright window, NO direct sun. Water it once a week. Fertilize infrequently.

Thank you for the reply bill! This is what I am using. Could you tell me what I need to use for best results? Thank you!

I can see on the bag where it says "coarse". That means individual pieces can range from 1/2" up to an inch and a half or more!
That is appropriate for Vandas and not much else.
You should look for MEDIUM. Look at my post above. 1/4-3/8" particle size.
On the web google Green Barn Orchid Supplies. They should have exactly what you need. But "medium grade" Phalaenopsis mix. They should have it under potting supplies. The people that run that store are very nice. Call them direct. But if you order on line, you'll have it quickly.
With the number of plants I have and the slightly different water needs, I buy the ingredients and mix it myself!!
They have everything that you could need for good orchid growing!!!

I will check them out and change my media. Do you think this root will survive like this???

Now for the good news. It will be fine. Many orchids, especially Phalaenopsis respond very well to repotting. They also grow new roots like crazy when they have the correct light, good water and the right media. Your plant will be just fine.
You are a beginner with orchids I assume, I have been an orchid addict for 45 years!! Trust me when I say it will be fine.
I constantly try to get people interested in orchids, I don't want to drive them away. I love orchids! I breathe orchids! I eat, sleep and poop orchids!! Well not quite but you get my point.
Try that supply place.
Try out all the Orchid Forums
Join in and ask questions. Once I was where you are now and I can promise you it is never too late to start with orchids. When you re-bloom an orchid it is really exciting! It is a great sense of joy and accomplishment. Just stick with it.

Thank you bill for being so helpful and encouraging. I am new to orchids and I am learning. Terrified that my orchids are not going to make it. I have attached pictures of my 2 phas. They look terrible, I know. I had to cut off a lot of the roots due to rot because of what it was bought in (rookie mistake) do you see anymore signs of rot or anything else I could do to have a better chance of saving these besides changing the media?

If you get them into the correct mix, they will recover in fairly short order. Within 4-6 weeks of placing them in the new media, you will see New roots starting, one at first and then a few more. They will love going down into the new media.
6-8 weeks after the new media, you should start to see a new leaf starting. More roots may appear but the first new roots will now be 4-5" long.
The plant will be able to absorb water properly and the whole plant will perk up. No reason to fertilize until 3 months after the new media and just at 1/4 tsp. Per gallon. No too much. Water soluble works the best and is the easiest to use.
Your very welcome!!

They will bloom later this fall.

bill!!! You are the best! I am about to purchase the correct media. This is the one you were referring to, correct? Also, do you recommend rinsing the media several times and letting it drain well before repotting?

I use a kitchen colander that you might strain spaghetti with. I run Luke warm water through it a few times to remove dust and debris. It also relaxes the surface tension so that the media holds water more readily.
Your welcome. Glad to help.

I forgot to attach the picture! Sorry about that

I see what the bag says, medium. But if those pieces in your media in the image were from that bag, well then they are not medium.
Look at the sizes I posted. Medium versus Coarse. The third size class is small.
Those pieces did come out of that bag, right? Well that doesn't really matter much. We will get you on the right track and in the long run the plants will be better off.

I am waiting for my potting mix to arrive. I see now that the root tips are black??? What gives?!?!?

Are you letting the plant sit out loose?
The black root tip means that the root is rotting.

I have it sitting above water until the soil is delivered. The root is green if I snip the black section off

If you snip, dab cinnamon on the cut.

Do you think this all recover? Or will these roots die?

I have seen Phalaenopsis come back from being at "Deaths' Door!" Yours is not remotely there!