Aliciavoice.
Is your plant in full sun? If it is in some shade that can be the reason for its lanky growth, but some plumeria are naturally taller growers than others.
When you trim (and yes, you can do this) you will sacrifice that season's blooms. And you may get a bushier plant. But first address the reason why it is so lanky. If you do trim (and the best time to do that is in early spring) leave about 4-6 inches of each branch, and new branches will grow from the old leaf scars.
I should say I am not fond of bloom booster fertilizers which are generally designed for annuals, not for flowering trees. A well balanced, time-release fertilizer will help your tree grow strong and healthy, and then it should bloom.