My High Noon tree peony rebloomed last year. So strange to see a peony bloom in the middle of August. Anyway, I thought that this rebloom might have set the plant back with used energy. Nope, not at all. In fact it came back stronger this year with 5 buds.
Nick, I have a Rockii tree peony that dies back every year. I believe it is a variety whose growths are not hardy for my zone. I think I am going to move it to a location southern side of my house to protect it from the cold and wind in the winter. Perhaps then, I may get a bloom from it. Anyway, some tree peonies are more or less hardy than others. Yours maybe one of the less hardy one.