Back to the F. latispinus: maybe I should keep watering it in the fall to keep it growing. I have been stopping all water once I bring them indoors before frost in early October.
Back to the Leuchtenbergia: The tubercles do not stay green but turn red at the tips and die back. I'm thinking I need to water the plant more. And as far as the size, here they are bare root on April 3, 2021: